Uncategorized

Li-ion Batteries – Safe use and disposal

How Li-ion Batteries Work (in plain terms)

A Li-ion battery stores energy by moving lithium ions between a graphite anode and a metal-oxide cathode through an electrolyte. During use, ions flow one way; during charging, they flow back. Each full movement cycle causes a tiny amount of wear, so capacity gradually declines over time.

Key takeaway: Heat, high voltage (near 100%), and deep discharge (near 0%) accelerate that wear.

Why Computers Are a Special Case

Computers create unique stresses on batteries:

  • Heat from components: CPUs and GPUs can raise internal temperatures, especially during gaming, video rendering, or heavy multitasking.
  • Long charge sessions: Many laptops stay plugged in for days, keeping the battery at high state-of-charge.
  • Thin designs: Slim enclosures limit airflow and make heat management more challenging.
  • Mixed workloads: Rapid swings between idle and high power can stress the battery and charging circuitry.

The Main Risks to Know

1) Thermal Runaway (rare but serious)

If a cell overheats or is internally damaged, it can enter a self-heating reaction called thermal runaway, potentially causing smoke or fire. Modern laptops include protection circuits to prevent this, but risk increases with damage, poor-quality chargers, or extreme heat.

2) Swelling (gas buildup)

Aging or stressed cells can produce gas, causing the battery to swell. This may push up the keyboard/trackpad or separate the case. Swelling is a clear end-of-life signal.

3) Capacity loss

All Li-ion batteries degrade. High temperatures and keeping the battery at 100% for long periods accelerate loss of capacity.

4) Physical damage

Drops, punctures, or crushed enclosures can compromise internal layers and create dangerous short circuits.

Everyday Safety & Longevity Practices

Keep temperatures in check

  • Use laptops on hard, flat surfaces (not beds or couches that block vents).
  • Clean dust from vents and fans periodically.
  • Avoid leaving devices in hot cars or direct sun.

Be smart about charging

  • Use the manufacturer’s charger or a certified equivalent (USB-C PD with correct wattage and cable rating).
  • For daily use, aim to keep the battery roughly between 20% and 80% when practical. Many systems offer a battery health/charge limit setting—turn it on.
  • It’s fine to stay plugged in, but if you do, enable charge limits or occasionally let the battery cycle down a bit.

Avoid deep discharge and constant 100%

  • Don’t routinely run to 0%.
  • Avoid keeping the laptop at 100% for weeks if you can limit it to ~80%.

Watch for warning signs

  • Bulging case, lifted trackpad, or separating seams
  • Unusual heat, chemical smell, or hissing
  • Rapid drops in charge or erratic percentage readings
    If you notice these, stop using the device and power it down.

Handle and store correctly

  • For storage (weeks/months), power down around 40–60% charge and keep it cool and dry.
  • Don’t stack heavy items on a laptop or carry it where it can be crushed.

What to Do If Something Seems Wrong

  • Swelling: Do not puncture or press the battery. Power off, unplug, and arrange professional replacement.
  • Overheating or smoke: Move the device away from flammable materials if safe to do so. Disconnect power. If a fire starts, use a Class ABC fire extinguisher; avoid water on an active electrical fire.
  • Charger issues: If the adapter or cable gets unusually hot, smells, or shows damage, stop using it.

Maintenance Tips Specific to Laptops

  • Enable manufacturer battery care modes (often called “Battery Health,” “Conservation Mode,” or “Optimized Charging”).
  • Update firmware/BIOS and OS—power management improvements are common.
  • Calibrate occasionally (every few months): a full cycle (down to ~10–15% then up to 100%) can help the system gauge report accurately (not for routine daily use).
  • Thermal management: If you regularly run heavy workloads, consider a cooling pad or elevate the rear slightly for airflow.

Replacement and Disposal

  • Replacement: Use OEM or reputable third-party batteries that meet safety standards. In many modern laptops, batteries are internal—have them replaced by a qualified technician.
  • Recycling: Never throw Li-ion batteries in the trash. Use certified e-waste or battery recycling programs (retail drop-offs or municipal facilities). We are certified e-waste company.

Myths vs. Facts

  • Myth: You must fully discharge before recharging.
    Fact: Li-ion prefers partial cycles; deep discharges add wear.
  • Myth: Leaving a laptop plugged in always ruins the battery.
    Fact: With modern charge control and limits enabled, it’s generally safe—heat and constant 100% are the real concerns.
  • Myth: All USB-C chargers are interchangeable.
    Fact: Wattage and cable ratings matter. Underspec chargers can overheat or throttle performance.

Bottom Line

Li-ion batteries make portable computing possible, but they reward good habits. Keep your laptop cool, avoid extremes (0% and 100% for long stretches), use proper chargers, and respond quickly to swelling or heat warnings. With basic care, you’ll extend battery life and keep your device—and workspace—safe.

If you have any questions or concerns, reach out and talk to us.  603 664 7449.

MacEdge Closed. We’re Here to Help.

Support for Former MacEdge Customers in Portsmouth, NH

If you were a customer of MacEdge in Portsmouth, you may have recently learned that they have closed their business. For individuals and businesses who relied on them for Apple support, this may leave you wondering where to turn for reliable service.

Lenharth Systems has been providing professional IT support and Apple expertise to businesses and organizations throughout the Seacoast and Southern New Hampshire for many years. Our team understands how critical dependable technology support is, and we’re here to help make the transition as smooth as possible for former MacEdge clients.

Apple and Mac Support for Businesses

Many IT companies primarily focus on Windows environments. At Lenharth Systems, we regularly work with mixed environments and Apple-based systems, including:

  • Mac computers and macOS support
  • Apple device management and configuration
  • Business network integration for Mac environments
  • Data migration and system setup
  • Ongoing IT support and monitoring

Whether your organization uses all Macs or a combination of Macs and PCs, our team can help ensure your systems stay secure, stable, and productive.

Helping Former MacEdge Clients Transition

If you previously worked with MacEdge, we can help with:

  • Reviewing your current systems and network
  • Taking over ongoing IT support
  • Migrating documentation and configurations
  • Setting up proactive monitoring and support

Our goal is to make the transition simple so you can focus on running your business.

A Local IT Partner for the Seacoast

Lenharth Systems is based in Barrington, NH and proudly supports individuals and organizations throughout the Seacoast region including Portsmouth, Dover, Rochester, and surrounding communities.

If you were affected by the closure of MacEdge and need reliable Mac or IT support, we would be happy to speak with you.

Contact Lenharth Systems to schedule a consultation. Relax, we’re here to help!

What you Should Know About Windows 10 Support Ending?

On October 15, 2025, Microsoft will stop publishing free security and software updates to Windows 10 Operating System.  This means Windows 10 OS will be susceptible to viruses and other threats that would normally be patched out in an update.

This has happened in the past with previous OS’s including Windows 7 and Windows 8.1, so we can help prepare.  We’ve seen applications such as Quickbooks stop supporting older OS’s after Microsoft stopped supporting them.  Similarly, people who have let outdated hardware run have been more susceptible to ransomeware, which locks down the computer. At Lenharth Systems, we can help you prepare for, and avoid such outcomes.

Why is Microsoft doing this?

Windows 10 was released nearly a decade ago, and each update needs to be able to be used with slower, older hardware.  Windows 11 is able to better take advantage of modern hardware to protect your data from threats.  Microsoft really wants everyone on Windows 11, so support is easier for them, and hopefully better for us.

What are your options?

If your PC hardware is new enough, you can upgrade today.  To see if your computer is compatible with Windows 11, you can try running the update if prompted under Windows Update, or download the PC Health Checker on the Microsoft Website.
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/check-if-a-device-meets-windows-11-system-requirements-after-changing-device-hardware-f3bc0aeb-6884-41a1-ab57-88258df6812b

If your computer does not support Windows 11, consider upgrading to a new computer or laptop.  At Lenharth Systems, we sell refurbished PC’s, Macs, and Laptops at a good deal.  We can also help you order a new PC based on your needs.

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/whats-new/extended-security-updates

If you’re still on Windows 10 and need help upgrading, give us call.  Relax, we are here to help.

The Internet of Things (IoT) and Security 

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents connecting everyday objects to the internet, allowing them to send and receive data. From smart home devices like thermostats and refrigerators to industrial machinery and healthcare systems, IoT is transforming how we live and work. However, this digital interconnectedness comes with significant security challenges that need careful attention.

IoT devices are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that enable them to communicate and interact over the internet. This connectivity offers numerous benefits, such as increased efficiency, convenience, and the ability to collect and analyze data on an unprecedented scale. For example, smart homes can optimize energy use, while IoT in healthcare can improve patient monitoring and care.

Security Challenges

  1. Vulnerability to Attacks: IoT devices often lack robust security measures, making them easy targets for cybercriminals. Once compromised, these devices can be used to launch large-scale attacks, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks that can cripple internet services.
  2. Data Privacy: With IoT devices constantly collecting data, there is a significant risk of personal information being exposed. Unauthorized access to this data can lead to privacy breaches and identity theft.
  3. Interoperability Issues: IoT devices from different manufacturers often have varying security standards. This lack of uniformity can create vulnerabilities, as devices might not be adequately secured when integrated into larger systems.
  4. Outdated Software: Many IoT devices do not receive regular updates, leaving them vulnerable to newly discovered security threats. Manufacturers may also discontinue support for older devices, exacerbating the problem.

Strategies for Enhancing IoT Security

  1. Robust Encryption: Implementing strong encryption protocols ensures that data transmitted between IoT devices and servers is secure and cannot be easily intercepted by malicious actors.
  2. Regular Updates: Users should install regular firmware and software updates to address security vulnerabilities.
  3. Network Segmentation: Isolating IoT devices from other critical networks can prevent potential breaches from spreading.
  4. Strong Authentication: Utilizing multi-factor authentication (MFA) and other advanced authentication methods can help secure IoT devices against unauthorized access.
  5. Comprehensive Security Policies: Organizations should establish clear security policies and guidelines for the use and management of IoT devices. Regular security audits and assessments can help identify and mitigate risks.

The proliferation of IoT devices presents both opportunities and challenges. While the benefits of IoT are vast, ensuring the security of these devices is paramount. By adopting robust security measures and staying vigilant, we can harness the potential of IoT while safeguarding our digital lives. As technology continues to evolve, so too must our approaches to IoT security, ensuring a safer and more connected future.  We will help you make a plan.

The Next Generation of Wireless: A Comparison of Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 7

In an increasingly connected world, wireless technology plays a pivotal role in our daily lives. From streaming high-definition videos to powering smart homes, we rely on robust and reliable wireless networks. As the demand for faster and more efficient connections grows, the evolution of Wi-Fi continues to shape our digital experiences. In this blog post, we’ll explore the key differences and advancements between Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 7, the next generations of wireless connectivity.

Wi-Fi 6: Enhanced Performance and Efficiency:

Wi-Fi 6, also known as 802.11ax, emerged as a significant upgrade over its predecessor, Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac). It introduced several key improvements to deliver higher data rates, improved capacity, and reduced latency. Let’s take a closer look at the notable features of Wi-Fi 6:

  • Increased Speed: Wi-Fi 6 offers faster wireless speeds compared to its predecessors. It achieves this through various technologies, including orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) and multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO). These techniques enable more efficient use of available spectrum and simultaneous data transmission to multiple devices, resulting in a substantial increase in network capacity and overall speed.
  • Lower Latency: With the introduction of Target Wake Time (TWT), Wi-Fi 6 significantly reduces latency. TWT allows devices to schedule specific times for communication with the access point, conserving power and reducing the time spent in idle mode. This improvement is particularly beneficial for applications like online gaming, video conferencing, and real-time communication, where low latency is crucial.
  • Improved Efficiency: Wi-Fi 6 introduces several efficiency enhancements, such as the Basic Service Set (BSS) Coloring feature, which minimizes interference and improves network performance in crowded environments. It also utilizes a new modulation scheme called Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) 1024, allowing for more data to be transmitted in a single transmission, further boosting throughput.

Wi-Fi 7: Paving the Way for Next-Generation Connectivity:

While Wi-Fi 6 brought significant advancements to wireless technology, Wi-Fi 7 (802.11be) promises to revolutionize the wireless landscape further. Although still in the development stage, Wi-Fi 7 is expected to introduce groundbreaking features and address the ever-increasing demands of modern connectivity. Here’s a glimpse of what we can expect from Wi-Fi 7:

  • Enhanced Speeds: Wi-Fi 7 is projected to deliver even higher speeds than Wi-Fi 6. With support for wider channel bandwidths and advanced modulation schemes, such as 4096-QAM, it aims to provide multi-gigabit per second (Gbps) speeds, enabling rapid data transfer and seamless multimedia streaming.
  • Increased Capacity: As the number of connected devices continues to grow, Wi-Fi 7 aims to improve network capacity significantly. By utilizing technologies like multi-band operation and multi-link operation, Wi-Fi 7 will be capable of supporting more concurrent connections, ensuring efficient performance in dense environments like stadiums, airports, and urban areas.
  • Lower Latency and Improved Reliability: Wi-Fi 7 aims to further reduce latency and enhance reliability, making it ideal for latency-sensitive applications such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and cloud gaming. By implementing techniques like improved beamforming and advanced scheduling algorithms, Wi-Fi 7 strives to provide a more seamless and immersive user experience.

As the demand for faster and more reliable wireless connectivity grows, Wi-Fi technology continues to evolve. Wi-Fi 6 has already made significant strides in improving speed, capacity, and efficiency. However, Wi-Fi 7, still in development,promises to take wireless connectivity to new heights with even faster speeds, increased capacity, lower latency, and improved reliability.

While Wi-Fi 6 is currently widely available and offers substantial performance improvements over previous generations, Wi-Fi 7 is expected to bring even more significant advancements. It will cater to the increasing demands of data-intensive applications, densely populated environments, and emerging technologies like VR and AR.

However, it’s important to note that the deployment of Wi-Fi 7 may take some time, as it requires hardware upgrades and wider adoption by device manufacturers and network providers. In the meantime, Wi-Fi 6 remains a highly capable and future-proof option for most users.

Ultimately, whether you choose Wi-Fi 6 or Wi-Fi 7 depends on your specific needs and the state of the technology in your environment. Both generations offer significant improvements over their predecessors and will undoubtedly contribute to a more seamless and efficient wireless experience.

As the world becomes increasingly connected and reliant on wireless technology, the ongoing advancements in Wi-Fi standards will continue to shape our digital landscape, enabling us to stay connected and empowered in a fast-paced, data-driven era.

Safeguarding Against Cyber Scams

Safeguarding Against Cyber Scams: Protecting Our Seniors Especially

As technology continues to advance, our lives have become increasingly interconnected and convenient. However, with these advancements come risks, especially for our senior citizens who may be more vulnerable to cyber scams. Seniors often possess a wealth of knowledge and experience, but they may be less familiar with the digital landscape, making them prime targets for online fraudsters. In this blog post, we will explore common cyber scams targeting seniors and provide practical tips to help them protect themselves against these malicious activities.

  1. Understanding the Risks: Seniors can fall victim to various types of cyber scams, including phishing emails, identity theft, online romance scams, tech support fraud, and more. It’s crucial for seniors to be aware of these risks and understand how scammers exploit their vulnerabilities. Educating themselves about the different types of scams is the first step towards building a strong defense.
  2. Recognizing Warning Signs: Many cyber scams employ clever tactics to deceive unsuspecting seniors. By familiarizing themselves with warning signs, seniors can increase their chances of identifying scams before falling victim. Some red flags include unsolicited requests for personal information, urgent or threatening language, requests for money or gift cards, and unfamiliar or suspicious email addresses or website URLs.
  3. Strengthening Password Security: Creating strong, unique passwords for online accounts is essential to protect personal information. Seniors should avoid using easily guessable passwords like birth dates, pet names, or sequential numbers. Encouraging the use of password managers can help seniors generate and securely store complex passwords without the need to remember them all.
  4. Safeguarding Personal Information: Seniors should be cautious about sharing personal information online or over the phone. Remind them never to provide sensitive data such as Social Security numbers, banking information, or Medicare details unless they have verified the legitimacy of the request. Encourage them to question the legitimacy of any unexpected or suspicious requests for personal information.
  5. Being Wary of Online Relationships: Romance scams have become increasingly prevalent, targeting seniors who may be seeking companionship. Seniors should exercise caution when engaging in online relationships, especially with individuals they have not met in person. Encourage them to be skeptical of requests for money or financial assistance from online acquaintances, as this is a common tactic employed by scammers.
  6. Staying Up-to-Date with Security Software: Seniors should ensure that their computers, smartphones, and other devices have up-to-date security software installed. Regularly updating software, including operating systems and antivirus programs, helps protect against known vulnerabilities that scammers often exploit.
  7. Seeking Assistance from Trusted Sources: Encourage seniors to seek help from trusted sources, such as family members, friends, or local senior centers, when faced with suspicious online activities. Having a support network in place can provide an additional layer of protection and guidance when navigating the digital landscape.

Protecting our seniors from cyber scams requires a collective effort. By raising awareness and providing seniors with the knowledge and tools to recognize and combat online threats, we can help ensure their safety and preserve their financial and personal well-being. By staying informed and following the preventive measures outlined in this blog post, seniors can enjoy the benefits of the digital age while minimizing the risks associated with cyber scams. Let’s empower our seniors to confidently embrace technology while staying vigilant against online threats.

The RULE:  If you get a pop-up with a website or Phone number, delete it or ignore it.  Nothing good comes of responding.  Real computer support will not send you a pop-up.

Digital Photos – Quick thoughts on Organizing.

Organizing your digital photos is easier than you think.  It does take some time to setup the process, then it should be pretty easy to organize, share, find and use your photos.

There are many programs for organizing your photos.  A few things to keep in mind.  First:  BACKUP your photos.  They are precious.  Make sure you have safely stored all your photos in multiple places.  Second:  Keep them organized.  Use Adobe Lightroom, Apple Photos, Nomacs, Google Photos, or Camera Software (NikonView, Canon, Etc.)  Your camera (if not a phone) probably came with something to help.  Adobe is the leader in this arena, but Apple, Google and Samsung have been working hard to catch up now that we all carry a camera with our phone everywhere.  Adobe has some great features; watermarks for sharing, editing options, etc.  Apple Photos is only available on the MacOS, but it is free for MacOS users.  It has some great editing features and plug ins are available to add features.  Nomacs is a great free open source option on Windows.  Apple, Google and Samsung offer cloud storage and access to your photos.  It is definitely worth thinking about cloud storage for photos.  This is just a taste of options and things to think about.

We are available for information, just drop us a line.

 

Adobe Flash is dead.

If you have Flash installed, you should get a message to uninstall.  Adobe has ended all support for Flash.  No more updates, no more security fixes.  You should just remove it.  If you have any questions, please feel free to give us a call.

 

Behind the Glass – Naked iMac

Ever wonder what is inside?  Here are some fun photos.

Apple iMac 27″ – Behind the LCD

You can see the Hard drive in the center (Glossy black and bright green).  The DVDRW is the silver device on the right with the yellow sticker.  Main Logic Board is right about the Apple logo.  Pretty cool seeing inside.